|
The Saline River is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately long,〔U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. (The National Map ), accessed May 13, 2011〕 in the Southern Illinois region of the U.S. state of Illinois. The river drains a large section of southeast Illinois, with a drainage basin of . The major tributaries include the South Fork, Middle Fork and North Fork, all lying within the Saline Valley. The once meandering swampy river was important among Native Americans and early settlers as a source of salt from numerous salt springs where it was commercially extracted in the early 19th century. Heavy coal mining pollution and dredging has rendered the river useless. ==History== From 1807 to 1818, Illinois paid the United States Treasury $28,160.25. During the same time, Ohio paid $240 and Indiana, Kentucky and Missouri paid nothing. One third of the State of Illinois revenue came from the salt industry coming from African American slaves working on the Saline River in 1818.〔http://www.discoversoutheasternil.com/template.php?page=attractions.php〕 The last concessionaire of the Saline Springs was John Crenshaw, then owner of what became known as the Old Slave House.〔http://www.shawneetourism.com/history.html〕 During the colonial period, the river had heavy barge traffic, it was navigable for keels and batteaux for inland from the mouth at the Ohio River. The farthest point west still capable of accommodating flat boats and barges, if necessary, is the largest city on the river Harrisburg, Illinois,〔http://genealogytrails.com/ill/gazeteer.html〕 but the river has not been used for navigation of any kind in almost a century. The starting of coal mining and milling in Saline County heavily polluted and silted the river after an extensive channelization project in the county by now defunct coal mining companies. It is now used primarily as an oversized drainage ditch with little interest by the locals besides flood control. On June 18, 1888, an act of January 25, 1849, declaring the Saline River navigable was repealed by the Illinois General Assembly.〔http://books.google.com/books?id=IGsZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA123&dq=Saline+River+Illinois Laws of the State of Illinois Enacted by the General Assembly By Illinois, Illinois General Assembly〕 The river was deemed "impractical" for navigation due to the "anxiousness" of County residents to build bridges across it. 〔http://books.google.com/books?id=aJ9LAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA214&lpg=PA214&dq=saline+river+illinois+navigation&source=bl&ots=IIUal_JLu-&sig=qwI5sqwNXdcQTnFxVJwujF4xD4I&hl=en&ei=PsicTubFItONsAKYsvDeCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=saline%20river%20illinois%20navigation&f=false〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saline River (Illinois)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|